TUNGAMIRAI — The Commissar Who Took the Skies | ZANLA to the Air Force of Zimbabwe (Documentary)
Descrição
A seminary boy became ZANLA's chief political commissar, survived a mutiny and a Zambian prison, and then became the first black commander of Zimbabwe's air force.
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Born Thomas Mberikwazvo in Gutu in 1948, Josiah Tungamirai left a Catholic seminary for the liberation war, took a name that means 'to lead', and rose to become ZANLA's chief political commissar. He was beside Josiah Tongogara at Lancaster House and on the night Tongogara died, learned to fly in his mid-thirties, and commanded the Air Force of Zimbabwe from 1986 to 1992 before entering politics. The film also sets out, attributed and unproven, the 1982 Gutu parade allegation made by former ZIPRA soldiers and his widow's 2006 poisoning claim. Every claim is sourced and dated.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Cold open
2:04 Part One — The Seminary Boy
4:02 Part Two — The Name Tungamirai
6:01 Part Three — The North-east Front
7:59 Part Four — The Mutiny
10:03 Part Five — Chained In Lusaka
12:00 Part Six — The Chief Commissar
14:06 Part Seven — Lancaster House
16:18 Part Eight — From Guerrilla To General
19:36 Part Nine — The Wings
22:05 Part Ten — Air Marshal
24:17 Part Eleven — The Politician
26:34 Part Twelve — The Last Journey
28:24 Epilogue — To Lead
29:34 Credits
KEY FACTS
• Born Thomas Mberikwazvo, 8 October 1948, Gutu; war name Tungamirai means 'to lead'
• ZANLA Chief Political Commissar from September 1977
• Military adviser to Josiah Tongogara at Lancaster House, 1979
• Received his pilot's wings at Thornhill in October 1984; Air Marshal and commander of the Air Force of Zimbabwe from January 1986 (the AFZ calls him its first black commander)
• Won Gutu North in February 2004 (20,699 votes to 7,291) and March 2005; Minister of State for Indigenisation and Empowerment
• Died 25 August 2005 in Johannesburg; buried at the National Heroes Acre on 28 August 2005
• Thornhill air base was renamed Josiah Tungamirai Air Force Base in November 2017
SOURCES
David Martin & Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe (1981) · Nordic Africa Institute interview (1996) · The Herald · The Standard · Zimbabwe Independent · IRIN · AFP / IOL · AP · US embassy cables (WikiLeaks) · Africa Confidential · Judith Todd · CITE recorded testimonies · Air Force of Zimbabwe · Wikipedia (dates in sources/ledger.md)
ARCHIVE FOOTAGE (excerpts for criticism, review and education)
Voice of America (public domain)
CITE — Centre for Innovation and Technology, Bulawayo (testimony excerpts, attributed)
Legacy Conversations (Air Vice-Marshal Hugh Slatter interview excerpt)
The Patriot, Zimpapers / The Herald / The Sunday Mail / Chronicle, independent uploaders (short excerpts for commentary and criticism)
1980 assembly-point film (Rex Nhongo address, uploaded by Nyamutatanga Makombe)
Note: the opening film's sound is Rex Nhongo speaking in Shona; no reliable translation could be made, so it is subtitled descriptively. Titus Ndlovu's words (isiNdebele) are subtitled with CITE's own English translation.
PHOTOGRAPHS: 152 images from Wikimedia Commons — 96 attribution-licensed (credited below) and 56 CC0 / public domain. Maps: Natural Earth (public domain).
PHOTO CREDITS (Wikimedia Commons, by licence)
CC BY-SA 4.0: Aart Rietveld · Aasimyusuf · Bram Berkelmans · Cosal · Eddiemwas · Edwardx · Ernst G. Ulz · Furfur, Peter in s · Gaius le Roux · Herbert Hönigsperger · Jaisondlovu · Jcornelius · JonGT · Maipo · Manfidza · Matthias-Tf · Matti Blume · Musa Mumba AT · Mwangi Kinyua · Ndexxx · Nicholastapiwa · Peter in s · Realtino · Senzeni1 · Tashimun24 · Teratinga · Wnalishuwa · 反共抗獨光復民國
CC BY-SA 3.0: André Koehne · BrokenSphere · Fotograaf / photographer: Drs. D. (Dick) Jaeger · Gyron mkwebo · Hajo42 · Hans Hillewaert · Maker: Luizi Purumero · Scoterican
CC BY-SA 3.0 de: Friedrich Gahlbeck · Link, Hubert
CC BY-SA 2.5: Brian McMorrow
CC BY-SA 2.0: Bob Adams from George, South Africa · F Mira from Lisbon, Portugal · Greg · James BonTempo from Baltimore, USA · Laika ac from USA · Sam / Olai Ose / Skjaervoy · Ton Rulkens · Ton Rulkens from Mozambique
CC BY 4.0: council.gov.ru · Petrtyl · Sir Masembura
CC BY 3.0: Nelson Deolinda Amin… · Pavel Špindler
CC BY 2.0: A Verdade · lucianf from Bucharest, Romania · Rob from United Kingdom · Sarah Depper
Narration: AI voice (Kokoro text-to-speech). Music: the Upright Films house soundtrack, an original roots-reggae instrumental (Upright Films / Google Flow Music).
Produced by Upright Films.
🔔 Subscribe and turn on notifications: https://www.youtube.com/@uprightfilmsafrica?sub_confirmation=1
#Zimbabwe #ZANLA #Tungamirai #History #Documentary #UprightFilms
🔔 Subscribe to Upright Films for more documentaries: https://www.youtube.com/@uprightfilmsafrica?sub_confirmation=1
Born Thomas Mberikwazvo in Gutu in 1948, Josiah Tungamirai left a Catholic seminary for the liberation war, took a name that means 'to lead', and rose to become ZANLA's chief political commissar. He was beside Josiah Tongogara at Lancaster House and on the night Tongogara died, learned to fly in his mid-thirties, and commanded the Air Force of Zimbabwe from 1986 to 1992 before entering politics. The film also sets out, attributed and unproven, the 1982 Gutu parade allegation made by former ZIPRA soldiers and his widow's 2006 poisoning claim. Every claim is sourced and dated.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Cold open
2:04 Part One — The Seminary Boy
4:02 Part Two — The Name Tungamirai
6:01 Part Three — The North-east Front
7:59 Part Four — The Mutiny
10:03 Part Five — Chained In Lusaka
12:00 Part Six — The Chief Commissar
14:06 Part Seven — Lancaster House
16:18 Part Eight — From Guerrilla To General
19:36 Part Nine — The Wings
22:05 Part Ten — Air Marshal
24:17 Part Eleven — The Politician
26:34 Part Twelve — The Last Journey
28:24 Epilogue — To Lead
29:34 Credits
KEY FACTS
• Born Thomas Mberikwazvo, 8 October 1948, Gutu; war name Tungamirai means 'to lead'
• ZANLA Chief Political Commissar from September 1977
• Military adviser to Josiah Tongogara at Lancaster House, 1979
• Received his pilot's wings at Thornhill in October 1984; Air Marshal and commander of the Air Force of Zimbabwe from January 1986 (the AFZ calls him its first black commander)
• Won Gutu North in February 2004 (20,699 votes to 7,291) and March 2005; Minister of State for Indigenisation and Empowerment
• Died 25 August 2005 in Johannesburg; buried at the National Heroes Acre on 28 August 2005
• Thornhill air base was renamed Josiah Tungamirai Air Force Base in November 2017
SOURCES
David Martin & Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe (1981) · Nordic Africa Institute interview (1996) · The Herald · The Standard · Zimbabwe Independent · IRIN · AFP / IOL · AP · US embassy cables (WikiLeaks) · Africa Confidential · Judith Todd · CITE recorded testimonies · Air Force of Zimbabwe · Wikipedia (dates in sources/ledger.md)
ARCHIVE FOOTAGE (excerpts for criticism, review and education)
Voice of America (public domain)
CITE — Centre for Innovation and Technology, Bulawayo (testimony excerpts, attributed)
Legacy Conversations (Air Vice-Marshal Hugh Slatter interview excerpt)
The Patriot, Zimpapers / The Herald / The Sunday Mail / Chronicle, independent uploaders (short excerpts for commentary and criticism)
1980 assembly-point film (Rex Nhongo address, uploaded by Nyamutatanga Makombe)
Note: the opening film's sound is Rex Nhongo speaking in Shona; no reliable translation could be made, so it is subtitled descriptively. Titus Ndlovu's words (isiNdebele) are subtitled with CITE's own English translation.
PHOTOGRAPHS: 152 images from Wikimedia Commons — 96 attribution-licensed (credited below) and 56 CC0 / public domain. Maps: Natural Earth (public domain).
PHOTO CREDITS (Wikimedia Commons, by licence)
CC BY-SA 4.0: Aart Rietveld · Aasimyusuf · Bram Berkelmans · Cosal · Eddiemwas · Edwardx · Ernst G. Ulz · Furfur, Peter in s · Gaius le Roux · Herbert Hönigsperger · Jaisondlovu · Jcornelius · JonGT · Maipo · Manfidza · Matthias-Tf · Matti Blume · Musa Mumba AT · Mwangi Kinyua · Ndexxx · Nicholastapiwa · Peter in s · Realtino · Senzeni1 · Tashimun24 · Teratinga · Wnalishuwa · 反共抗獨光復民國
CC BY-SA 3.0: André Koehne · BrokenSphere · Fotograaf / photographer: Drs. D. (Dick) Jaeger · Gyron mkwebo · Hajo42 · Hans Hillewaert · Maker: Luizi Purumero · Scoterican
CC BY-SA 3.0 de: Friedrich Gahlbeck · Link, Hubert
CC BY-SA 2.5: Brian McMorrow
CC BY-SA 2.0: Bob Adams from George, South Africa · F Mira from Lisbon, Portugal · Greg · James BonTempo from Baltimore, USA · Laika ac from USA · Sam / Olai Ose / Skjaervoy · Ton Rulkens · Ton Rulkens from Mozambique
CC BY 4.0: council.gov.ru · Petrtyl · Sir Masembura
CC BY 3.0: Nelson Deolinda Amin… · Pavel Špindler
CC BY 2.0: A Verdade · lucianf from Bucharest, Romania · Rob from United Kingdom · Sarah Depper
Narration: AI voice (Kokoro text-to-speech). Music: the Upright Films house soundtrack, an original roots-reggae instrumental (Upright Films / Google Flow Music).
Produced by Upright Films.
🔔 Subscribe and turn on notifications: https://www.youtube.com/@uprightfilmsafrica?sub_confirmation=1
#Zimbabwe #ZANLA #Tungamirai #History #Documentary #UprightFilms
Palavra-chave: fotos de mocambique
