Water Doesn't Always Boil at 100°C
Descrição
Water boils at 100°C... unless geography changes the pressure.
Barcelona's waterfront: about 100°C (212°F).
Madrid: around 98°C.
Fresh water beside the Dead Sea: about 101.5°C.
Everest's summit: roughly 70°C.
Higher altitude means lower air pressure, so water boils at a lower temperature. That's also why food can cook more slowly in boiling water high in the mountains.
These are approximate examples for fresh water in an open vessel, calculated from a standard atmosphere and IAPWS water properties. Actual temperatures vary with local pressure and weather. The Dead Sea example uses fresh water beside the lake, not the salty lake water.
Sources:
NASA atmosphere model: https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/atmosmet.html
IAPWS water properties: https://iapws.org/technical-guidance/release/IF97-Rev
NIST saturation tables: https://www.nist.gov/document/nistir5078-tab2pdf
Madrid elevation: https://www.comunidad.madrid/centros/madrid
Dead Sea elevation: https://www.gov.il/he/pages/dead_sea_report
Map imagery: NASA Blue Marble. Country outlines: Natural Earth. Original animated pressure diagram; AI narration.
#Geography #Science #Shorts
Barcelona's waterfront: about 100°C (212°F).
Madrid: around 98°C.
Fresh water beside the Dead Sea: about 101.5°C.
Everest's summit: roughly 70°C.
Higher altitude means lower air pressure, so water boils at a lower temperature. That's also why food can cook more slowly in boiling water high in the mountains.
These are approximate examples for fresh water in an open vessel, calculated from a standard atmosphere and IAPWS water properties. Actual temperatures vary with local pressure and weather. The Dead Sea example uses fresh water beside the lake, not the salty lake water.
Sources:
NASA atmosphere model: https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/atmosmet.html
IAPWS water properties: https://iapws.org/technical-guidance/release/IF97-Rev
NIST saturation tables: https://www.nist.gov/document/nistir5078-tab2pdf
Madrid elevation: https://www.comunidad.madrid/centros/madrid
Dead Sea elevation: https://www.gov.il/he/pages/dead_sea_report
Map imagery: NASA Blue Marble. Country outlines: Natural Earth. Original animated pressure diagram; AI narration.
#Geography #Science #Shorts
Palavra-chave: meteorologia em beira
